It was on this day in 1894 that workers at the Pullman Palace Car Company went on strike to protest 16-hour work days as well as a reduction in wages. The country was experiencing a financial crisis, and lowering of wages (as well as prices of goods/services) wasn’t unusual. However these workers were required to live in a “company town” that was owned by Pullman, who refused to decrease rent or the prices of groceries & household goods. A couple weeks later fellow members of the American Railway Union across the nation began a boycott of Pullman railroad cars by refusing to run trains that had those cars. The railroad companies called that an illegal strike, and fired the 125,000 workers who participated. A federal injunction ordered union leaders to call for an end to the job action as well as the strike at the Pullman plant, and they were arrested after refusing to do so. The strike would continue on until the end of June, when President Cleveland sent 12,000 Army troops to disperse the workers who were protesting. At least 13 people were killed and countless wounded during the course of this job action. A national commission formed the next year to examine the causes of the strike found that Pullman’s company town was “UnAmerican”, and in 1898 the Supreme Court of Illinois ordered that the company sell their rental property and the town be annexed by Chicago.
The first event mentioned by Wiki that occurred on this day is “330 – Byzantium is renamed Nova Roma during a dedication ceremony, but it is more popularly referred to as Constantinople” and the most recent is “2000 – Second Chechen War: Chechen separatists ambush Russian paramilitary forces in the Republic of Ingushetia.”
A few other things that also happened on this day are:
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1960 – Adolf Eichmann captured by Nazi-hunters in Argentina.
1997 – A computer beats a reigning world champion in chess for the first time.
Slices of birthday cake goes to Martha Quinn, Butch Trucks, Eric Burdon, and Bernard Fox.